Examples of network protocols

The OSI model is the basic model for network communications. The OSI model performs the communication process, how data is operated from one workstation to another in the network. Many different models exist in the networking production; however, understanding a single model gives us the potentiality of understanding other models in the future. The OSI model is the most extensively taught as the institution for this knowledge.
The Network layer has two key obligations. First, this layer rules the logical addressing of devices. Logical addresses are arranged as a hierarchy, and are not hard-coded on devices. Second, the network layer decides the best way to a particular destination network, and routes the data appropriately.
Examples of network protocols include IPv4, IPv6 and ICMP.
IPv4:
IP denotes for Internet Protocol whereas v4 means that it is the version 4. Here, version 4 mentions to the fourth revision of the Internet Protocol that was later widely-used. There is an IPv4 header structure that exits the origin for network layer transfer of packets. IPv4 is one of the most significant network protocols.
IPv6:
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This is also an Internet Protocol that is of version 6. Though IPv4 is extensively deployed these days, it is supposed that this IPv6 is going to take over the rest of the attention. Consequently, it is called the next generation protocol. There are exactly a few main distinctions among both these protocols. The address space of IPv6 is much bigger than that of the IPv4. In IPv4 network, packet fragmentation is done by router or layer 3 device, when in IPv6 network, packet fragmentation is done by source node. That is why it minimizes the router overhead.
ICMP:
ICMP denotes for Internet Control Message Protocol. This special protocol is very important amid all the network protocols. This is deployed by the operating systems of network computers to transmit error reports meaning that a certain service was not available or the connection to a router or a switch failed.
The most operate and work of connection protocols is twice a condition to the network, and a huge contributor to its dimension and success. All of these network protocols are the very important and the word “TCP/IP” associated to a relation (or protocol suite) of its usually used protocols. Most of the network protocols are detailed in the documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (or IETF). Object-oriented programming has enlarged the use of the feature to accumulate the programming protocols assist for connections and communication between differences.

​References:
Thermos, P. (2007). Securing VoIP networks: threats, vulnerabilities, countermeasures. Library of Congress
Frahim, J., Santos, O. (2010). Adaptive Security Appliance, Second Edition. Cisco Press